Arou Monastery, officially known as Xihongfazhou in Arou County, is a Gelugpa Tibetan Buddhist monastery located in Arou Township, Qilian County, Qinghai Province. It was founded by the Arou tribe. Initially a meditation room, it was established during the Wanli era of the Ming Dynasty by the Third Dalai Lama, Sonam Gyatso, who preached and laid the foundation there. Later, he donated the monastery to Ali Darhan Qujie (also known as Ali Hutuktu). The Second Dalai Lama, Lobsang Danba Reji, was born in the Arou tribe, studied in Tibet, and oversaw the expansion of the monastery. The Third Dalai Lama, Sangdanba Darji, established a Mahayana Buddhist college, perfected the Dharma assembly system, and increased the number of monks to 400. During the Shunzhi era of the Qing Dynasty, with the permission of the Fifth Dalai Lama, the monastery was formally built in Zhongta, initially named "Juxi Hongfazhou". The monastery initially existed as a "tent monastery," moving with the nomadic tribes. During the Daoguang era of the Qing Dynasty, the Arou tribe migrated north to its current location and rebuilt it. After moving to its current location in 1948, it consisted of a yurt-style scripture hall and yak-hair tents.
It developed into the largest Gelugpa monastery in Qilian County in the 1940s, and before 1958 it had 5 halls, 840 monks' quarters, and 250 monks. After 1980, scripture halls, monks' quarters, and yurt-style Buddhist halls were built one after another. The existing buildings cover an area of 66,700 square meters and house ancient scriptures and precious cultural relics. In 2003 and 2008, it was listed as a county-level and provincial-level cultural relics protection unit, respectively.